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The excerpt represents the core issue or deciding factor on which you must meditate, and is drawn from Madam How and Lady Why by Charles Kingsley: all, in the Lowlands of Scotland, you see these red marks, showing
the old lavas, which are always fertile, except the poor old
granite, which is of little use save to cut into building stone,
because it is too full of quartz--that is, flint.
Think of this the next time you go through Scotland in the
railway, especially when you get near Edinburgh. As you run
through the Lothians, with their noble crops of corn, and roots,
and grasses--and their great homesteads, each with its engine
chimney, which makes steam do the work of men--you will see rising
out of the plain, hills of dark rock, sometimes in single knobs,
like Berwick Law or Stirling Crag--sometimes in noble ranges, like
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